Application of Social-Life Cycle Assessment in Urban Settings: Social Impact Assessment of Green Roofs

Sustainability brings together three dimensions: environment, economy and society, as according to the Agenda 21, a comprehensive plan of action to be taken globally, nationally, and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, governments, and major groups in every area in which humans impact the environment. To define whether an intervention or process is ‘sustainable’, these spheres must co-exist and be equally contemplated. Green roofs have been extensively studied from environmental and economic perspectives, but as far as the social dimension is concerned, the literature is limited. Indeed, to define these interventions as ‘sustainable’, the social dimension must also be investigated. Over time, Social-Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), an extension of the better-known Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), has become widespread. S-LCA allows assessing the potential impact that a production process, and consequently a product, can have on people. This paper aims to propose a model for analyzing green roofs by identifying the possible categories of stakeholders involved in the implementation process, and the impact categories to be referred to. By defining these elements, it is possible to estimate the positive or negative social impact that interventions cause. The results of the survey offer insights into social issues related to the implementation of green roofs by focusing on the stakeholders involved within the entire life cycle

Formação para o atendimento às mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica : a perspectiva de estudantes de um curso de graduação em enfermagem

A violência doméstica contra mulheres (VD) é um fenômeno que se configura a partir de desigualdades de gênero, representadas como afirmação da autoridade e poder dos homens sobre as mulheres em suas relações afetivas e conjugais. A enfermagem tem papel importante na identificação, tratamento e encaminhamento de situações de VD. Contudo, trata-se de uma temática pouco abordada e valorizada nos cursos de graduação em enfermagem. Essa problematização levou-nos a propor esta pesquisa, cujo objetivo foi conhecer a percepção dos discentes de um curso de graduação em enfermagem sobre a formação e o preparo para a abordagem de mulheres em situações de VD nos serviços de saúde. O desenho de pesquisa foi exploratório - descritiva e abordagem foi qualitativa. A amostra foi composta por 14 discentes de um curso de Graduação em Enfermagem situado na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS. Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas e as informações foram analisadas por meio de análise de conteúdo. Os resultados apontaram que o grupo de discentes, apesar de sensibilizados quanto aos danos físicos e, principalmente, psicológicos que a violência pode causar na vida das mulheres que a sofrem, parecem não compreender todos os aspectos que envolvem a VD. Tal fato pode estar relacionado ao modelo de formação generalista, proposto pelo curso, que privilegia conteúdos biomédicos em detrimento de conhecimentos sobre as condições socioculturais implicadas nesse processo. Dada a relevância da enfermagem, no acolhimento e acompanhamento dessas mulheres nos serviços de saúde, faz-se necessário ampliar, durante a formação, as experiências de aprendizagem relacionadas à VD

Permian 40Ar/39Ar ages for post-Variscan minor intrusions in the Iberian Range and Spanish Central System

40Ar/39Ar dating of biotite from a calc-alkaline gabbro stock NW of Loscos in the Iberian Range yielded a slightly disturbed gas release spectrum. It has an early Permian, 288.5 ± 1.4 Ma total gas age, interpreted as the minimum emplacement age. The 40Ar/39Ar apparent age of the gabbro agrees with the Autunian stratigraphic age of related volcanic rocks. 40Ar/39Ar step-heating dating of amphibole phenocrysts from an alkaline camptonite dyke ca. 4 km SE of El Hoyo de Pinares in the Sierra Guadarrama sector of the Spanish Central System yielded a mid-Permian 264 ± 3 Ma plateau age, interpreted as the emplacement age. The age is indistinguishable from published 40Ar/39Ar amphibole ages for N-S trending camptonite dykes from the western, Sierra de Gredos segment of the Central System. This suggests that the camptonite dykes from both sectors belong to the same generation

A Novel High Discriminatory Protocol for the Detection of Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Stricto and Borrelia garinii in Ticks

Bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex are the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis (LB). Even if the conventional diagnosis of LB does not rely on the species itself, an accurate species identification within the complex will provide a deepened epidemiological scenario, a better diagnosis leading to a more targeted therapeutic approach, as well as promote the general public's awareness. A comparative genomics approach based on the 210 Borrelia spp. genomes available in 2019 were used to set up three species-specific PCR protocols, able to detect and provide species typing of Borrelia afzelii, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.) and Borrelia garinii, the three most common and important human pathogenic Lyme Borrelia species in Europe. The species-specificity of these protocols was confirmed on previously identified B. afzelii, B. burgdorferi s.s. and B. garinii specimens detected in Ixodes ricinus samples. In addition, the protocols were validated on 120 DNA samples from ticks collected in Sweden, showing 88% accuracy, 100% precision, 72% sensitivity and 100% specificity. The proposed approach represents an innovative tool in epidemiological studies focused on B. burgdorferi s.l. occurrence in ticks, and future studies could suggest its helpfulness in routine diagnostic tests for health care

Perfil de usuarios y razones para consulta de enfermería en estomaterapia

Objective: to analyze the profile of users and the reasons for the nursing consultation in stomatherapy. Method: this is a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory and cross-sectional study. Data was collected from medical records of 252 users, who were consulted in 1116 nursing consultations. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20 program, using descriptive statistics. Results: it is revealed, as for sex, that there was no significant difference; as for the age group, 53.6% of the participants were 65 years old or older; the cause of the stoma was malignant neoplastic disease in 65.5% of the sample; the reason for the consultation, in 56%, was to change the ostomy bag and 50.4% of the patients had only one consultation during the analyzed period. Conclusion: it was shown that the stoma nurse needs to reflect on the planning and care strategies provided, contemplating the education of the user's self-care and permanent education of the team, emphasizing the sensitivity of the welcoming, since the majority of patients have malignancy, situation of great impact on the life of the user and their family.Objetivo: analisar o perfil de usuários e os motivos da consulta de enfermagem em estomaterapia. Método: trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, descritivo, exploratório e transversal. Coletaram-se os dados em prontuários de 252 usuários nos quais foram consultados em 1116 consultas de enfermagem. Analisaram-se os dados pelo programa SPSS versão 20, empregando-se a estatística descritiva. Resultados: revela-se, quanto ao sexo, que não houve diferença significativa; quanto à faixa etária, 53,6% dos participantes tinham 65 anos ou mais de idade; a causa do estoma foi a doença neoplásica maligna em 65,5% da amostra; o motivo da consulta, em 56%, foi a troca de bolsa de ostomia e 50,4% dos pacientes realizaram somente uma consulta no período analisado. Conclusão: mostrou-se, que o enfermeiro estomaterapeuta precisa refletir no planejamento e nas estratégias de cuidados prestados, contemplando a educação do autocuidado do usuário e educação permanente da equipe, enfatizando a sensibilidade do acolhimento, visto que a maioria dos pacientes tem neoplasia maligna, situação de grande impacto na vida do usuário e de sua família.Objetivo: analizar el perfil de los usuarios y los motivos de la consulta de enfermería en estomaterapia. Método: se trata de un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, exploratorio y transversal. Se recopilaron datos de registros médicos de 252 usuarios, que fueron consultados en 1116 consultas de enfermería. Los datos se analizaron utilizando el programa SPSS versión 20, utilizando estadísticas descriptivas. Resultados: se revela, en cuanto al sexo, que no hubo diferencia significativa; en cuanto al grupo de edad, el 53,6% de los participantes tenían 65 años o más; la causa del estoma fue la enfermedad neoplásica maligna en el 65.5% de la muestra; el motivo de la consulta, en el 56%, fue cambiar la bolsa de ostomía y el 50,4% de los pacientes tuvieron una sola consulta durante el período analizado. Conclusión: se demostró que el enfermero de estomas necesita reflexionar sobre la planificación y las estrategias de atención provistas, contemplando la educación del autocuidado del usuario y la educación permanente del equipo, enfatizando la sensibilidad de la recepción, ya que la mayoría de los pacientes tienen neoplasia maligna, situación de gran impacto en la vida del usuario y su familia

Characterization of the SKA1-Low prototype station Aperture Array Verification System 2

The low frequency component of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA1-Low) will be an aperture phased array located at the Murchison Radio-astronomy Observatory (MRO) site in Western Australia. It will be composed of 512 stations, each consisting of 256 log-periodic dual-polarized antennas, and will operate in the low frequency range (50 to 350 MHz) of the SKA bandwidth. The Aperture Array Verification System 2 (AAVS2), operational since late 2019, is the last full-size engineering prototype station deployed at the MRO site before the start of the SKA1-Low construction phase. The aim of this paper is to characterize the station performance through commissioning observations at six different frequencies (55, 70, 110, 160, 230, and 320 MHz) collected during its first year of activities. We describe the calibration procedure, present the resulting all-sky images and their analysis, and discuss the station calibratability and system stability. Using the difference imaging method, we also derive estimates of the SKA1-Low sensitivity for the same frequencies and compare them with those obtained through electromagnetic simulations across the entire telescope bandwidth, finding good agreement (within 13%). Moreover, our estimates exceed the SKA1-Low requirements at all considered frequencies by up to a factor of ∼2.3. Our results are very promising and allow for an initial validation of the AAVS2 prototype station performance, which is an important step toward the coming SKA1-Low telescope construction and science

Off-label long acting injectable antipsychotics in real-world clinical practice: a cross-sectional analysis of prescriptive patterns from the STAR Network DEPOT study

Introduction Information on the off-label use of Long-Acting Injectable (LAI) antipsychotics in the real world is lacking. In this study, we aimed to identify the sociodemographic and clinical features of patients treated with on- vs off-label LAIs and predictors of off-label First- or Second-Generation Antipsychotic (FGA vs. SGA) LAI choice in everyday clinical practice. Method In a naturalistic national cohort of 449 patients who initiated LAI treatment in the STAR Network Depot Study, two groups were identified based on off- or on-label prescriptions. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to test several clinically relevant variables and identify those associated with the choice of FGA vs SGA prescription in the off-label group. Results SGA LAIs were more commonly prescribed in everyday practice, without significant differences in their on- and off-label use. Approximately 1 in 4 patients received an off-label prescription. In the off-label group, the most frequent diagnoses were bipolar disorder (67.5%) or any personality disorder (23.7%). FGA vs SGA LAI choice was significantly associated with BPRS thought disorder (OR = 1.22, CI95% 1.04 to 1.43, p = 0.015) and hostility/suspiciousness (OR = 0.83, CI95% 0.71 to 0.97, p = 0.017) dimensions. The likelihood of receiving an SGA LAI grew steadily with the increase of the BPRS thought disturbance score. Conversely, a preference towards prescribing an FGA was observed with higher scores at the BPRS hostility/suspiciousness subscale. Conclusion Our study is the first to identify predictors of FGA vs SGA choice in patients treated with off-label LAI antipsychotics. Demographic characteristics, i.e. age, sex, and substance/alcohol use co-morbidities did not appear to influence the choice towards FGAs or SGAs. Despite a lack of evidence, clinicians tend to favour FGA over SGA LAIs in bipolar or personality disorder patients with relevant hostility. Further research is needed to evaluate treatment adherence and clinical effectiveness of these prescriptive patterns